Labor Code: What You Need to Know?

1. The Main Purpose of the Labor Code

The main purpose of the Labor Code is:

• To ensure the employee's labor rights and social protection,
• To frame the employer's rights and obligations within the law,
• To create fairness and transparency in labor relations.

✅ 2. Basic Principles and Rights

👷‍♂️ Basic rights of employees:

• To work under an employment contract;
• To receive information about working conditions;
• To receive fair wages;
• To work in safe and healthy working conditions;
• The right to annual paid leave.

🏢 Basic rights of the employer:

• To conclude and terminate a contract with an employee;
• To demand disciplined and efficient work from the employee;
• To apply internal disciplinary rules;
• To take measures against an employee who violates labor discipline (within the law).

✅ 3. Employment Contract and E-MAS

• An employment contract must be concluded only in writing.
• The contract must be registered through the E-MAS system (Employment Contract Notification System).
• The contract must clearly state working hours, wages, duties and powers, and vacation rights.

✅ 4. Employer's Obligations

The employer must comply with the following:

• To formalize employment contracts with employees;
• To familiarize employees with labor legislation;
• To respect rights to leave, sick leave, etc.;
• To ensure the legal resolution of labor disputes;
• To monitor safety and hygiene rules.

✅ 5. Recent Changes and Innovations (2025)

Some innovations made to the Labor Code in 2025:

• Strengthening of electronic documentation (E-MAS integration has become mandatory);
• Electronization of vacation schedules;
• Increase in fines for failure to submit documents;
• Expansion of the scope of essential conditions in the employment contract.

✅ 6. Labor Disputes and Their Resolution

The Labor Code provides for the following stages for resolving disputes between employee and employer:

• Internal investigation and reconciliation;
• Participation of the trade union (if it exists);
• Resolution of labor disputes through the court.